Alrighty, another diesel thread. I always feel the need to set the record straight, since there are a lot of claims/misconceptions out there about diesels. Here goes my novel....
The diesel will be more responsive to after market parts for increased MPG and power. So getting to a 20+ MPG diesel would not be very hard IMO.
Firstly, the overhead mileage display calculator is known as the lie-o-meter by cummins owners. It is widely accepted as generally pretty inaccurate on the diesels. If a diesel guy claims *** mileage, ask him whether or not he's reading the display, or hand calculating his figures.
On a 2007.5+ 6.7 liter Cummins truck, 20+ is not easy to attain. It is unlikely that you will ever do better than 16-17 empty with the factory turbo and factory emissions components in place (and that's driving very conservatively, flat terrain, etc.). More commonly, factory 6.7 Cummins trucks average 13-15mpg empty when driven normally. The higher mileage figures you hear about on Dodge diesels are much more commonplace on the older 5.9s, with very limited emissions equipment and smaller displacement.
As for deleting the emissions equipment, and adding aftermarket parts and/or a tuner - do some research on the recent changes to tuners regarding emissions laws. It has become VERY difficult, nearly impossible, to buy tuners that disable emissions and add much power to Diesel Particulate Filter/ Diesel Exhaust fluid -equipped diesel trucks. The Federal Gov't and the EPA have made it illegal to sell these tuners in the United States.
All that aside, if you manage find an old (pre-ban) tuner with a VIN-license active, you can delete your emissions equipment and see 18-19mpg driving conservatively. But be aware that this is becoming tougher and tougher, so don't expect to buy a truck and be able to buy a tuner off the shelf.
It all comes down to what you prefer. For pulling 9k pounds on a somewhat regular basis, you deffinately want to step up to the 2500. You can get a 2500 with gas or diesel, I would just try to do a rough guess which is going to be cheaper for you in the long run (mileage on a daily basis and towing, cost of fuel, and upcharge for the diesel initially).
If you go gas, just make sure to get the 3.92 or 4.10 gears. There are tuning options for both gas and diesel, but you will get better results on the diesel.
As noted, tuning options are becoming more and more limited. Do some research.
I do agree with the step up to a 2500 statement however, though I think a 2500 gas truck is silly. Compared to a 1500 gas truck, you get a better chassis to support what you're towing, but you get no more power to drag a trailer around with, and you're encumbering that same gas engine with the significant weight penalty of the 2500 chassis even when empty. If you're happy leaving the engine mostly stock, you will be very happy with the towing performance of the diesel. The mileage, even empty, should be better with the diesel than with a gas 2500 truck, though diesel fuel is currently more expensive, so consider that also. Say the gas 2500 gets 12-13 empty, and 7 or 8 when towing, while the diesel gets at least 14-16 empty, and 10-11 when towing. The available torque of the diesel means it just doesn't mind towing as much, and as such you don't such a dramatic drop in mileage with a trailer in tow.
My dad has a 2010 2500 Cummins, and I have a 2007 2500 Cummins, so these numbers are from my own experience towing a 10k travel trailer. Do some reading and you'll see that most other owners see similar figures. My dad's truck is stock, and my truck is tuned with emissions equipment deleted. I bought my tuner in December of last year, just before the EPA imposed it's bans and new restrictions on tuner manufacturers.
If you can afford the higher up front cost the diesel will be better. You can tow 9k with 1500 done it but will certainly want weight distribution hitch if you go that roughy especially on 1500.
My theory is this always go bigger than you need and you will be trouble free. Anytime you are pushing max capacities and using the vehicle towards top end of limits it is going to be way harder on it. If the 4th gen 2500 would have been out when I bought my truck I would have bought a 2500 or even 3500 because I never know what I will end up towing on my parents farm.
That new 3500 Cummins with Aisin and insane output has me drooling and if I can ever swing it that is what I want.
$miley
I agree with a lot of the above^^.
If you're planning on towing much at 90% or more of rated towing capacity, you probably need the 2500. Forcing a 1500 to work that hard for very long is going to lead to rear end wear, wheel bearing wear, and other engine related items from revving to the moon to the make the power necessary to keep a trailer at 70mph.
I speak from experience, and I now own a 2500 diesel (that should tell you something)
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As for the new 2013 Aisin 6spd trans/ 850 ft. lb 6.7 Cummins truck, it REALLY should be a beast, though it's way overkill for towing 9 or 10k. My dad has had 65k trouble free miles out of his BONE stock 2010 2500 Cummins, but even he is looking at the 2013s with the Aisin.