Lack of oil could destroy a timing chain, but its going to seize the pistons into the cylinders a lot quicker. However, a suddenly seizing piston could potentially break a timing chain, but it would be really easy for the dealership to determine if the engine had oil in it or not. Presumably it did or they would have listed that as the cause of failure.
I'm still pretty suspicious. Far as I know, the timing chain on this engine has no tensioner and is simply slid on to the camshaft and crankshafts with the chain already on the sprockets. These chains are so short that any stretch of the chains takes a lot of miles to become a problem (like over 200k). Consider that if the pins start to elongate on a link, the total stretch will be the amount of elongation multiplied by the number of links. If a pushrod engine with a short chain has 100 links, for example, but a DOHC V8 like a Ford Coyote has 500 links, and the chains stretch at exactly the same rate, the Ford chain will have vastly more stretch in it. Furthermore, these Hemi engines are not high compression nor do they run at very high RPMs, so the valve springs are not super stiff. The timing chain doesn't have to work that hard, in other words. So while it is possible you just had a defective chain, I think something else might be at play here.
Had a buddy with a 2012 Ford F-550 diesel. When the vehicle was 6 years old and had 65k miles on it, the crankshaft broke. The Ford warranty on the engine was 5 years / 100k miles. Presumably the crankshaft had some defect in it from new, but it didn't manifest itself until it was out of warranty by age. After lots of back and forth with Ford, they gave him $1500 in "goodwill" despite needing a new engine or full rebuild, at a massive cost. Pretty despicable behavior by a manufacturer, I guess, but then again if they make one exception they will need to make a million exceptions. It should not have happened but it was in fact out of warranty. Guy ended up buying a new F-550 with the gas engine at the time because he needed a truck in that class and the Ford dealer had one in stock.