I have seen both ends of the spectrum. Growing up I drove big old trucks with my dad back in Poland. They had 11.1L (677 cu in) 6-cylinder engines making a whooping 202 hp when new, pulling a total weight of 30T through the mountains. They were floored 90% of the time, crawling up hills or just chugging along a local highway. Full engine rebuild every 50k miles, valve adjustment every other oil change.
I ride sport bikes and they need chain adjustment every few hundred miles, new tires every 3-5k miles, valve adjustment every 15-20k miles (unless you spend the big bucks on a modern one...), engine rebuild after 50k miles for sure, if you run it hard.
But then I also have a little 2008 Honda Fit, with 130k miles on it. I adjusted valves at 80k miles and soon after replaced the spark plugs and coil packs, just in case. Other than that it's just fluid changes. Nothing ever broke and I floor that little thing most of the time.
My wife drives a 2004 Hyundai Elantra. It has 220k miles on it and at around 160k miles I preemptively replaced the spark plugs and coil packs. Again: that car gets floored a lot.
And then there is my V10 RAM made in 2000: 145k miles on it and as far as I know (I'm the 3rd owner) it hasn't had any engine issues. The only thing I can tell is a little off is that when the transmission shifts up from the 2nd gear, it goes into 3rd for just a second and goes straight to 4th most of the time. Only sometimes it would actually stay in 3rd until it shifts to 4th (or down to 2nd) as one would expect. Not sure how easy/hard (cheap/expensive) it would be to fix. For now it's fine with me.
Nothing lasts forever, but with proper maintenance, modern equipment should last pretty long. By maintenance I mean not only replacing fluids but also adjusting/replacing components as specified by the manufacturer. Too often I see people following the "regular" schedule, ignoring the fact that a lot of the use cases are considered heavy duty use, e.g. a lot of stop-and-go traffic, high speed driving, carrying a lot of cargo, driving through mountainous areas, pulling a trailer etc. These tend to shorten the maintenance intervals of various parts and fluids.