Does it work the same for a android phone?
I do not know if it is true for all of the wireless dongles but most of them advertise as being compatible with Carplay and Android Auto.
I believe Android Auto has been part of the OS for a few versions now instead of being an app. The benefit of this is the amount of power needed by the phone to run Android Auto is minimal. I've noticed Android Auto uses a WiFi connection to the radio while using a Bluetooth connection for the phone calls. I assume the wireless dongles would do the same.
I run Android Auto wirelessly in my 2022 with Uconnect 5 for hours at a time, with no battery life issues.
As to your original question, I don't know if there are 12" radios without factory navigation. Like crash68 said, Android Auto or Carplay mapping is by far a much better option. Google Maps or Waze are good choices and my personal favorite is Waze.