The totality of all the clues given in the FAQ section of the article and elsewhere, point to higher NoX levels due to the PCM isn't taking into consideration and treating it with DEF & SCR event activation. It's not clear "when" these high levels were taking place. I get the impression on a cold engine .
It's all too new yet but I'd expect to see increase in DEF after the "update" if you so volunteer. Their are folks monitoring DEF usage since the update but I haven't see any reports yet.
Yup - I read the same, esp. since I was with Cummins during their 1st EPA consent decree in the late 90's for the exact same thing. Back then, it was called "STC" = Step Timing Control, meaning there were only a couple of fuel injection timing settings.
Same deal - when sensors told ECM engine was running on-highway, injection timing was advanced to normal, producing normal NOx. When engine rpm varied often, it sent signal to back off timing, reducing NOx, power, and mileage.
EPA claimed they intended full time, Cummins claim EPA stated reduced NOx only in urban areas. Cummins signed a consent decree with EPA then, too, paid a fine, and admitted no culpuability.
This was the N14 truck engine.
Notably, we haven't heard anything about the modern truck engine, whatever they call it today - was the ISX15. It has the same architecture as the pickup truck B engine. Why would they defeat NOx limit on pickups and not semi engines? Makes no sense to me.