I would check operation on the camera to start...
Open up the panel on the back of your tailgate, and check line power on the camera when the truck is in reverse.
I think the stock camera gets power from reverse lights or tow harness, so if a bad trailer was connected you might have blown the fuse that powers it. That's the first place I would check if there's no power. In fact, check that before you even open up your tailgate.
Once you confirm power to the camera, if it still doesn't work check the video signal. The aftermarket uses a regular RCA video plug that you can plug into a TV or something. My guess is the OEM is the same, but you'll have to see it to be sure. If the cam has power and no video, the camera is bad. If it has power and video, but nothing comes up on the head unit, check the build sheet on your truck.
It's possible that it was added by the previous owner and not flashed. By running your VIN, the local dealer should be able to see if that option is flashed. If not, they can do it... for a fee, of course. One indicator of this possibility is if it doesn't go to the cam screen in reverse.
If none of these is the answer, you'll have to dig deeper. Last resort, open the dash, and slide out your head unit. Locate the video cable from the cam, and confirm it is intact. You can do a continuity test back to the cam end, or plug an extension on it to test it on a TV (assuming it's an RCA, might not be). This will tell you if the cabling harness under the truck is damaged. That is unlikely, but possible.
If you have live video all the way to the head unit, but nothing on it, then chances are it's the radio. Check if the dealer has an update disc, and pray you get lucky. Or, do the lockpick mod and see if that restores the functionality.
I hope it's a fuse. Good luck.