I have been running 87 since new (almost 9k miles now) with no apparent faults. But I have to confess I thought that's what was the minimum recommended.
Running 89 vs 87 is likely to increase mileage and/or performance, since the engine is designed for it. Because current engine control systems are so advanced, it's likely that running 87 is not going to hurt anything, but a reduction in output is extremely likely.
However, there is no reason to put in a higher octane fuel than what is "required" for your engine. As mentioned previously, all the higher octane does is provide more resistance to pre-ignition. What that does is allow your engine to have higher compression, more advanced timing, leaner fuel/air ratio, and maybe some other performance related adjustments.
I did recently start with 93 in anticipation of a Hemifever tune. This will allow adjustments to get more performance out of my engine. Once those adjustments are made, running 91 or lower octane increase the risk of damage. But running 98 or 103 will not further increase performance. All it would do is allow further adjustments to be made, which would then increase performance beyond what was available before.
The only reason to run higher octane than is required is if it happens to be the only way to get better fuel, i.e. 100% gasoline versus an ethanol mix.